托福好康道相報 免費學托福TOEFL方法 考試技巧

在托福閱讀的文章中經常會有一些句子成分很複雜的難句，這對於基礎稍稍差一些的考生來說就是一個理解文章的非常大的障礙，這裡就為大家蒐集了5個可以提升水平的常見難句分析，希望給大家帶來幫助。

1. Over 800 full-time thatches are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.
結構：全句只有1個謂語動詞：are employed.句子主乾為：Over 800 full-time thatches are employed.其中，maintaining，renewing the old roofs 和thatching newer houses是三個並列的現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。 As well as 表示並列。
翻譯：目前有800名全職茅屋匠人在英格蘭和威爾士工作，進行維修，翻新舊屋頂並且還蓋新的茅屋頂。

2. He had never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was twenty he was a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, France, and English.
結構：全句有4個謂語動詞：had been，had studied，was和was.全句由三個並列的簡單句組成。 he was twenty是一個由by the time引導的時間狀語從句。其中句末的現在分詞短語speaking Swedish, Russian, German, France, and English 作伴隨狀語，對excellent linguist進行解釋說明。
翻譯：他從來沒有上過中學或大學，但是他都是自學的。到20歲時，他已經是一個很熟練的化學家，一個優秀的語言學家，會說瑞典語，俄語，德語，法語和英語。
 

3. The materials used – copper, stainless steel, concrete and glass- give the building a striking beauty.
結構：全句只有1個謂語動詞：give.句子主幹是：The materials give the building a striking beauty.其中，過去分詞used作為後置定語修飾materials.現在分詞striking作定語修飾beauty.破折號之間的並列的名詞結構是materials的同位語，起補充說明作用。
翻譯：使用的這些建材——銅，不銹鋼，水泥和玻璃等——給這個建築物增添了一種奪目的魅力。
 

4. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.
結構：全句有2個謂語動詞was和chose.句子主乾為：eighty was a special birthday.Another decade是birthday的同位語，後面的lived or endured是過去分詞作後置定語修飾decade.最後是as引導的狀語從句。
翻譯：畢竟，八十大壽是一個特殊的生日，是又生活了十年還是忍受了十年全憑你選擇怎麼去看待了。
 

5. But at least they would distinguish the organizations entitled to a continuing voice in the dialogue with the research community about the rights of animals in research from the organizations that deserve no say.
結構：全句有2個謂語動詞would distinguish和deserve.句子主幹是：they would distinguish the organizations…from the organizations that…。其中，entitled to a continuing voice是過去分詞短語作為後置定語修飾第一個organizations.其後是一個複雜的介詞短語，其主幹是in the dialogue with…about…。 that引導的定語從句修飾第二個organizations.並且，還應注意到整句話的主要結構：distinguish…from…。
翻譯：但是，至少他們會分辨出哪些組織有資格與研究機構繼續進行對話，就科研活動中的動物的權力發表意見，而哪些組織不應進行這種對話。